This answer
is not correct. All of these acids have the acidic hydrogen atom on an oxygen
atom. Therefore periodic table effects are not involved in the decision as to
which is the strongest acid. The atom to which the hydroxyl group is attached is
different in each case. The first step that you should do in order to answer
this question would be to draw out the electron dot formulas for each compound
and then calculate the formal charge on the atom to which the hydroxyl group is
bonded. When this atom has a significant amount of positive charge, it will
stabilize the anion formed when the hydroxyl group loses a proton. In the case
of nitric acid, the nitrogen atom has a single positive charge which is the same
as phosphoric acid but less than sulfuric acid which has a double positive
charge on the sulfur atom. Phosphoric acid is stronger than nitric acid because
it not only has a single positive charge, it has more oxygen atoms attached to
the phosphorus atom which pull electron density from the phosphorus making it
more electropositive than the nitrogen atom in nitric acid.
