Nomenclature of Alcohols
a. Alcohols are named by dropping the
-ane ending of the parent compound and adding -ol. The –OH group can also be named as a substituent using the group name, hydroxy. Still another nomenclature involves naming the alkyl group followed by a space and the word alcohol.
2-propanol or propan-2-ol
2-hydroxypropane
2-propyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol
·
Try to name the following compounds using these conventions…·
Try to draw structures for the following compounds…benzyl alcohol
J3-pentanol
J2,3-dihydroxyhexane
Jb. Common names that you should know are...
ethylene glycol
HO–CH2–CH2–OH
glycerol or glycerin
c. Salts of alcohols are named by first naming the metal and then the alcohol ion as an
alkoxide.sodium ethoxide
CH3CH2ONa
·
Try to name the following compound…·
Try to draw a structure for the following compound…potassium 2-butoxide
Jd. Phenolic compounds resemble alcohols but have much different chemical properties due to the aromatic ring. They can most easily be named by using the hydroxide group nomenclature.
1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene
Common names to know are…
phenol
a -naphthol
b
-naphthol
· Try to name the following compound…
·
Try to draw a structure for the following compound…5-chloro-1-hydroxynaphthalene
JCopyright © August 2000 by Richard C. Banks...all rights reserved.
